8. GIS
GIS
Geographic Information System
Use map data for finding / understanding data
Open data and mashup (2010/2)
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3YcZ3Zqk0a8
https://gyazo.com/e0589f4de254389c4d3e586c12642037.png
Maps
Most popular visualization
https://www.google.com/maps/@35.3880554,139.4274678,17z https://gyazo.com/c9eadbabad875433676fe312b0dd6e60.png
Maps caveats
Intellectual people can read maps
Some people cannot read maps
https://gyazo.com/93ea6676d3be7c8d688803f287432117
Showing the clusters of cholera cases in the London epidemic of 1854
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/00/Chol_an.gif
Education map
http://personal.tcu.edu/kylewalker/maps/education/#11/37.4573/-122.1678 https://gyazo.com/3adde0c63d94208e470f05b3877bbcb5
https://gyazo.com/562f1f8474bc493d7b27e248fe7d2f53
Voting results
https://vdata.nikkei.com/newsgraphics/shuin2021-party-poll-votes-map/ https://gyazo.com/13bfc7467667a61d366b78254a29bbe1
Introduction to map literacy
https://www.amazon.co.jp/dp/4860646665 https://gyazo.com/3f9e681cc4a63890f0620c1bd1d628e0
population dencity
https://gyazo.com/6293891111fccf0067e7c5e6ecd5a120
階級区分図
GIS
Geographic Information System
Add various information onto maps
Not just simple map
Interactive informatio retrieval
GIS overview
https://gyazo.com/01e32074e4fcb4d265ac4234f6826cc1.png
Characteristics of maps and GIS
Popular for everyone
Easy to understand
Useful in everyday life
Characteristics of geographic info
Managed by a nation
e.g. Geospatial information authority of Japan (GSI: 国土交通省国土地理院)
Services by pivate companies
Map/GIS companies
Google
Apple
GIS Portal (old)
https://gyazo.com/77d7965cf94aa8ffe74e3c3beef03bdb.png
Various GIS from government organizations
https://gyazo.com/b8cbea8c6f60ce2610990b9de75ac7c1.png
Geospatial Information Authority of Japan (国土地理院 = GSI)
https://gyazo.com/18acd26f1b684e53fe3e455d3df95ff5
How to use GSI map
https://gyazo.com/c9c87ddec7efe9a06bfa0ce56e8c5b71.png
https://gyazo.com/6c8ce9759be1d7f37774644dbb1c93ca
Map data distribution
http://net.jmc.or.jp/books_map_chizuchushin0912.html https://gyazo.com/01ed33a67f9320010c9db047ab2eb27a.png
https://gyazo.com/bab23cf6290e571d561268f9eef332f4.png
Ministry of education, culture, sports, science and technology
https://gyazo.com/df71d086afc0f1fc1dd5d821f06638b5.png
Research organizations
https://gyazo.com/83c6b991923fbaeb4061137f7376a4a8.png
Academic societies
Companies
Selling ArcGIS
Magazines
https://gyazo.com/57e9b5fcffb573ca17ea7fc3734dd0fe
https://gyazo.com/a11f71429f13ef411c64d3bc73c847fb.png
2022/12/6～ @ Hamamatsucho, Tokyo
https://gyazo.com/ea156d67cad516bba56e9b9d175a2253
https://gyazo.com/2c81bb1b1b202b911040105d6672863b.png
GIS research at SFC
Prof. Wanglin Yan
https://gyazo.com/107ac81902ff56f5067b4dde0b329dac.png
https://gyazo.com/2fdf1508b78890b51488ee41c110e769.png
Lectures on GIS
2009年度春 火曜1限
Yan lab
Prof. Yan at SFC
http://www.nextpb.com/gisnext/backnumber/no81.html#top https://gyazo.com/74423cef9802a6894e3eea2b9244ff0e
Interview by Prof. Yan
https://gyazo.com/aafe38abed2cfed49bb453490d54bfb9.png
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-P-2XI1B0gc
History of GIS
Long history
History of map-based services
Mapion / MapFan started map service (1997)
Maps became free!
GPS on mobile phones (2001)
GoogleMaps API (2005)
Free GIS APIs!
GoogleEarth (2005)
GIS usages
Urban planning
Land usage
Disaster control
Marketting
Shop location planning, delivery management
Route search
Usages in the future
Personal usage
Location-based services
Uber, etc.
Location-based services
High expectation, but not took off
Various useful services exist
Nonsuccessful location-based services
Adding tags to location info
Sharing location info
Location-based communication
Successful location-based services
Entertainment applications
Examples of location-based services
Location-based SNS
Google Latitude
Location-based SNS
Service discontinued on August 9, 2013
Examples of location-based services
Location-based game
Hatena koko
Service ended in July 2014
Loke-touch
Service ended in June 2015
Ingress
Location-based game
Ingress
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Y6-JAm3NCAk
Poisy
Location-based SNS
https://gyazo.com/00b7de5cea862d0690fce3da9247275a
Started in 2017
Closed in 2018
Algorithms for solving geometric problems
Examples of computational geometry problems
Line crossing
Check if a point is inside a polygon
Overlap judgement
Triangulation
Line crossing
https://gyazo.com/70d1846d73ee162e0731d10c5534eb07
Example of computational geometry algorithm
Voronoi diagram
https://gyazo.com/e36b98b907283dea62dba5707f15002a.png
https://gyazo.com/a3cb418d1997fdd05162ef94ff02f7a1.png
Useful for fiding the closest post office
Example of layout problems
Pack many objects in an area
Get the largest rectangle in an area
Usage in GIS
Check inside/outside
https://gyazo.com/d2a91063cd1abf079c73e7446665ec6c.png
https://gyazo.com/49fc480d4122658fac7244d37b33ebd4
Encaves in Kasagi town (in Kyoto)
https://gyazo.com/1813d7289a7019621b3463d56389d3e7 https://www.google.co.jp/maps/@34.7559936,135.9026632,15z
https://gyazo.com/25d36d145a82531a9536fb3ed8268396
Cartography
How to create a map
https://gyazo.com/f9bf5b924778ac43dc6704d08102540e.png
Map data and geographic data
Map data
Simple map image
Geograhic data
Data for GIS
Data representation format
Raster format
aka bitmap format
Vector format
lines, edges
What is raster?
Scanning line on TV Brown tube
TV scanning lines
Flashing moving light point
https://gyazo.com/ab5e1caeab6e89f4a0645ccd314b8d2c.png
https://gyazo.com/b64e63c2da02a11ed98fd64b64be881c.png
Data structure
Different from standard RDB
Distance calculations, overlap calculations
Distance calculation is not easy on RDB
Special data structure
R-Tree, etc.
R-Tree
Indexing multi-dimension information
https://gyazo.com/4910defcf6b590990f4972e73f783e02
Commercial GIS systems
Products by ERI
Used in SFC lectures
GIS trade fair
Open source GIS
Info
Organizations
Open source GIS systems
Stand-alone GIS
Libraries for raster/vector data
Japanese version
Extended PostgreSQL for GIS
Used in MapServer, etc.
https://gyazo.com/e4a9e18218cf3e6a4ff9d248a004bae6
https://gyazo.com/1a74900aed20d9022fd9e340d8e38f6f.png
Open source GIS servers
MapServer
GeoServer
http://mapserver.org/ https://gyazo.com/761f5c91677779394821f125b3ac038c.png
How to install (by Mr. morikawa)
Showing maps on MapServer
Using MapScript
Using PostGIS
http://www.amazon.co.jp/dp/1590594908/ https://gyazo.com/2bb6963f6d78e98ecec668bb9e01db9c.png
http://geoserver.org/display/GEOS/Welcome https://gyazo.com/3e76534acbf4fb18da959c2b1eb692b3.png
Various GIS systems
WebGIS@Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism https://gyazo.com/f20ea9b7bc4d895d089a88ddacb4d84e.png
https://gyazo.com/ec4f7a74b02f85d1358faac520c1dd0f.png
Distributed GIS
https://gyazo.com/ea3ec582bc0dddb9e2d20a2bc583ffe9.png
https://gyazo.com/a1f4109f7cbd11f88d99f9866bb4a185.png
Web application
Using API
Visualization API
Using GoogleMaps
Add info on Google maps
Use special map data
Books on GoogleMaps API
https://gyazo.com/3d80e829a8646ef26d1bd9bc9635a240.png
Add book info on GoogleMaps
https://gyazo.com/86459bc205bac4b18a1fbdeb3e43b7d5.png
Show Tokyo land prices
https://gyazo.com/45746c28693aba5e6e253e222da4e239.png
https://s3-ap-northeast-1.amazonaws.com/naraemon-river/index.html#10/35.6810/139.7670 https://gyazo.com/b1102b37b949011c5c4ece199f033446
Showing basin area
https://www.gridscapes.net/AllRivers/#9/35.3499/139.0512 https://gyazo.com/c5d6b0c4743276904b5a61972c784e23
https://gyazo.com/849b000e495b3c5549444c96120ef84a.png
https://gyazo.com/8e2e2ef7a0daf839a65325312a4c0541.png
https://gyazo.com/9c172883bece1332d972512a621baebb.png
https://gyazo.com/df0bfa9195404f5ff9f654ce957fa8a8.png
https://gyazo.com/916c8ee28e4f649c2bb950eb2635a690.png
https://gyazo.com/e192c8d703ef3199bf6dc03493040e80
このバーチャル地球儀システムのアイデア自体はGoogleが生み出したものではなく、メディアアート作品の制作会社であるART+COMが、1994年に商業目的でTerravisionとしてアイデアを考案・システムを開発し、特許まで取得していたものである。
Drama on the lawsuit between Google and Art+Com
The founders of Art+Com believes that GoogleEarth was stolen by Google
https://gyazo.com/35dfbba26c5679479c215700eba077b1
KML
Data format for GoogleMaps, GoogleEarth
code:test.kml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<Placemark>
<description>New York City</description>
<name>New York City</name>
<Point>
<coordinates>-74.006393,40.714172,0</coordinates>
</Point>
</Placemark>
</kml>
JSON data for developers
code:test.json
{ "type": "FeatureCollection",
"features": [
{ "type": "Feature",
"geometry": {"type": "Point", "coordinates": 102.0, 0.5}, "properties": {"prop0": "value0"}
},
{ "type": "Feature",
"geometry": {
"type": "LineString",
"coordinates": [
]
},
"properties": {
"prop0": "value0",
"prop1": 0.0
}
},
{ "type": "Feature",
"geometry": {
"type": "Polygon",
"coordinates": [
]
},
"properties": {
"prop0": "value0",
"prop1": {"this": "that"}
}
}
]
}
Deformed map
Deformed map creation system
https://gyazo.com/a97c0a1fead73c92df7f8969c7238a8f.png
https://gyazo.com/acd605feb3d3840ee52677f2d19c75d5.png
Route tree
https://gyazo.com/c7ffb559344553cef8f3a56d130b4a02.png
Photo bowser
https://gyazo.com/49d4ecf5222a7faa7d66e05005e61b48.png
https://gyazo.com/27d66dadac433716223fdaa3498fc0ff.png
https://gyazo.com/ae643f0514cb561cb21aebc904dfdc10
Photo finder
http://photoloc.herokuapp.com/map?lat=36.39146907104088&lon=137.624537815625&z=8 https://gyazo.com/9595217e39a50f01916f4599f68c230f
JS library for GoogleEarth
http://cesiumjs.org https://gyazo.com/afeaf29988ae4bb6b90306982c214d73.png
https://gyazo.com/d2ae3afce21cb9b6456181e01f1e3f20.png
with Cesium
Visualization with map-like display
Mind maps
Put inforamtion on a map
Company maps
https://gyazo.com/77820a7a884d5363ab16adffd6655f5f.png
WING
Information retrieval with geographic data
https://gyazo.com/02cb3774e6f9bcbc5d7355a1b63bb62d.png
Video: WING
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8i1IqBXbV9g
https://gyazo.com/90b7cfd0a76afe70e1579012dac4849b.png
https://gyazo.com/2d3036200531b13ae5b557399488bffd.png https://socialinnovationsimulation.com/2013/07/11/tutorial-making-maps-on-d3/
https://gyazo.com/d2d06b65b118e9b7618efc2b0e260a00.png http://www.tam-tam.co.jp/tipsnote_sample/yoshida/d3map/#
Summary
Various GIS systems and services
Many data available for free
Useful for various visualization
End